comparative performance of various vaccines against covid-19

according to the world health organization, 48 vaccines are currently in clinical trials to protect the population from covid-19. eleven of them have reached the third phase, during which the product is tested in large groups of volunteers to confirm its effectiveness and identify potential side effects.

the technologies they use and the results reported by pharmaceutical companies vary. we bring to your attention all the information available at the moment.

phase iii vaccines

pfizer, biontech and fosun pharma

dna vaccine

scheduled for late 2020

declared efficiency over: 90%

manufacturers: pfizer (usa), biontech (frg) and fosun pharma (china).

characteristics:

storage at -72 ° c, which necessitates the use of special freezers or dry ice. storage in a standard refrigerator is possible for five days.

expected cost: $ 20 per dose

doses needed: two every four weeks

expected production capacity: 50 million doses by the end of 2020, 1 , 3 billion by the end of 2021

orders (number of doses):

eu - 300 million

us - 100 million

canada - 20 million

great britain - 40 million

japan - 120 million

australia - 10 million

chile - 10 million

israel 10 million

peru - 9.9 million

ecuador - 2 million

new zealand - 1.5 million

costa rica - 3 million

lebanon - 2 million

kuwait - 1 million

moderna and niaid

dna vaccine

planned for late 2020

claimed efficiency: 94.5%

manufacturers: moderna (usa) and niaid (usa)

характеристики:

storage at -20 ° c, that is, the temperature of a standard freezer new camera for six months. storage for 30 days in an ordinary refrigerator (2 ° c to 8 ° c)

expected cost: $ 32-37 per dose

doses needed: two every four weeks

expected manufacturing capacity: 500 million to billion per year from 2021

orders (number of doses):

usa - 100 million

canada - 56 million

uk - 5 million

japan - 50 million

israel - 2 million

switzerland - 4.5 million

cansino biologics inc. and the beijing institute of biotechnology

viral vaccine

approved since june for military use for a year

efficacy unknown

manufacturers: cansino biologics inc. (people's republic of china) and beijing institute of biotechnology (people's republic of china).

features:

only one dose required

expected production capacity: 100-200 million doses per year from 2021

orders ( number of doses):

mexico - 35 million

institute. hamaleas

viral vaccine

authorized from 11 august under emergency mechanism

claimed efficacy: 95%

manufacturer: national epidemiology research center and microbiology named after n. f. gamalei (russia)

characteristics:

required doses: two every three weeks

anticipated production capacity: 500 million doses per year, mass production from september 2020

orders (number of doses):

india - 100 million

brazil - 50 million

mexico - 32 million || | 287

египет — 25 миллионов

argentina - 25 million

uzbekistan - 35 million

nepal - 25 million

venezuela - 10 million

kazakhstan - 2 million

janssen, a subsidiary of johnson & johnson

viral vaccine

planned for the first quarter of 2021

efficiency unknown

manufacturer: janssen, a subsidiary of johnson & johnson (usa)

characteristics:

storage: conventional refrigerator || | 313

ожидаемая стоимость: 10 долларов за дозу

required doses: 1 or 2 eight weeks apart

expected e production capacity: 1 billion by the end of 2021

orders (number of doses):

eu - 200 million

us - 100 million

канада — 38 миллионов

uk - 30 million

new zealand - 2 million

trials were suspended on 12 october due to an unexplained illness in one of the participants.

astrazeneca and university of oxford

viral vaccine

claimed efficacy: 70%

manufacturers: astrazeneca (england-sweden) and the university of oxford (great britain).

features:

storage: regular refrigerator

expected cost: $ 3-4

required doses: two at four week intervals

expected manufacturing capacity: nearly 3 billion doses worldwide

orders (number of doses):

eu - 400 million

usa - 500 million

covax - 300 million

india - 500 million

canada - 20 million

uk - 100 million

japan - 120 million

indonesia - 100 million

brazil - 100 million

latin america (minus brazil) - 150 million

australia 33.8 million

chile 14.4 million

egypt 30 million

argentina 22 million

бангладеш — 30 миллионов

ecuador - 5 million

trials were suspended on 9 september due to a severe backlash from a patient in the uk.

sinopharm and beijing institute of biological products

inactivated vaccine

approved for limited use since late july (primarily among physicians)

эффективность неизвестна

manufacturers: sinopharm (china) and beijing institute of biological products (china)

characteristics:

required doses: two with an interval of three weeks

expected manufacturing capability: about 220 million doses per year

sinovac and instituto butantan

inactivated vaccine

approved for limited use since july

efficacy unknown

manufacturers: sinovac (china) and instituto butantan (brazil).

characteristics:

doses required: two at three week intervals

expected production capacity: about 300 million doses per year

orders (number of doses):

indonesia - 50 million

brazil - 46 million

chile - 60 million

bangladesh - 100,000 | || 429

sinopharm и wuhan institute of biological products

inactivated vaccine

has been approved for limited use since late july (primarily among physicians). allowed from 14 september in the uae.

efficacy unknown

manufacturers: sinopharm (china) and wuhan institute of biological products (china).

characteristics:

doses needed: two, three weeks apart

novavax

subunit vaccine

planned for the first quarter of 2021

efficiency unknown

manufacturer: novavax (usa)

characteristics:

doses needed: two three weeks apart

expected manufacturing capacity: 100 million us doses by year-end, 2 billion doses from 2021

orders (number of doses ):

usa - 110 million

india - 1 million

canada - 76 million

japan - 60 million

australia 40 million

bharat and indian council of medical research - national institute of virology

inactivated vaccine

scheduled for second quarter 2021 || | 477

эффективность неизвестна

manufacturers: bharat (india) and indian council of medical research - national institute of virology (india). bharat biotech is in talks with more than ten countries that have expressed interest in a potential vaccine.

features:

doses needed: two at four weeks intervals

other companies have made less progress: their vaccines are still in phase 1 (safety assessment and the ability to elicit a response from the immune system) or the second (continued research to establish the required dose). below are the companies that have entered into an agreement with the eu.

sanofi pasteur and gsk

subunit vaccine

manufacturers: sanofi pasteur (france) and gsk (uk). the start of the third phase is scheduled for december. market entry is expected by june 2021.

characteristics:

doses needed: two (estimated) three weeks apart

expected production capacity: up to a billion doses in 2021

заказы (число доз):

eu - 300 million

covax - 200 million

us - 100 million

canada - 72 million

uk - 60 million

curevac

dna vaccine

manufacturer: curevac (frg)

характеристики:

doses required: two at four week intervals

orders (number of doses):

eu - 225 million